What are the characteristics and benefits of using steel structures?

Foreword: The structure mainly made of steel is one of the main types of building structures. The characteristics of steel are high strength, light weight, good overall rigidity and strong deformation ability, so it is especially suitable for the construction of large-span, ultra-high and super-heavy buildings; the material has good homogeneity and isotropy, and is an ideal elastomer. , which is most in line with the basic assumptions of general engineering mechanics; the material has good plasticity and toughness, can have large deformation, and can withstand dynamic loads well; the construction period is short; its degree of industrialization is high, and it can be used for specialized production with a high degree of mechanization. High-strength steel should be studied for steel structures to greatly improve its yield point strength; in addition, new types of steel, such as c-shaped steel and z-shaped steel and profiled steel plates, should be rolled to meet the needs of large-span structures and super high-rise buildings. For this reason, the editor summarizes the specific characteristics of the following steel structures and lists them one by one, so that customers can better understand the knowledge of steel structures: Feature 1: High material strength, large strength-to-weight ratio, light weight, high steel strength and elasticity Modulus is also high. Compared with concrete and wood, the ratio of its density to yield strength is relatively low, so under the same stress conditions, the steel structure has a small cross-section and light weight, which is convenient for transportation and installation, and is suitable for large spans, high heights, and heavy loads Structure. Feature 2: Steel has good toughness and plasticity, and the assumptions of mechanical calculation are relatively consistent, the material is uniform, the structural reliability is high, and the structural weight is light (not the steel density), and the steel has high strength, tensile and compressive resistance, suitable for high-rise and super high-rise buildings. Houses, suitable for bearing shock and dynamic loads, have good seismic performance. The internal structure of steel is uniform, close to isotropic homogeneous body. The actual working performance of the steel structure is more in line with the calculation theory. Therefore, the reliability of the steel structure is high. Feature 3: High degree of mechanization of steel structure manufacturing and installation Steel structure components are easy to be manufactured in factories and assembled on site. The factory mechanized manufacturing of steel structural components has high precision, high production efficiency, fast assembly speed on site, and short construction period. Steel structure is the most industrialized structure. Feature 4: Good sealing performance of steel structure Since the welded structure can be completely sealed, it can be made into high-pressure containers, large oil pools, pressure pipes, etc. with good air-tightness and water-tightness. Feature 5: The steel structure is heat-resistant and not refractory. When the temperature is below 150 °C, the properties of the steel change very little. Therefore, the steel structure is suitable for hot workshops, but when the surface of the structure is exposed to heat radiation of about 150 ° C, it should be protected by a heat insulation board. When the temperature is between 300°C and 400°C, the strength and elastic modulus of the steel decrease significantly. When the temperature is around 600°C, the strength of the steel tends to zero. In buildings with special fire protection requirements, the steel structure must be protected by refractory materials to improve the fire resistance rating. Feature 6: The steel structure is easy to rust and has poor corrosion resistance, especially in the environment of wet and corrosive media, it is easy to rust. Generally, the steel structure needs to be derusted, galvanized or painted, and it needs to be maintained regularly. For offshore platform structures in seawater, it is necessary to use“Zinc block anode protection”Features 7: Clean and environmentally friendly, no harmful substances, no damage to forest resources, and can be recycled Features 8: Fast construction: fully prefabricated and assembled, with high dimensional accuracy and fast construction, faster than any structure , Factory production, high degree of industrialization, fast construction; Feature 9: Anti-seismic and storm-proof, strong characteristics: good flexibility, better seismic performance than various structures, great flexibility in design, and good safety performance. Feature 10: Thermal insulation system: The steel structure has good resistance to temperature expansion and contraction. The GB50017-2003 specification allows the temperature expansion section to be as long as 200 meters (55 meters for the concrete structure). There are also no moth-eaten, demolition pollution. Features 11: Save labor and cost: easy to make, short construction period, light quality, low overall cost; The benefits are revealed.